Gradient Railways of England and Wales

This volume takes a look at rail lines with gradients of 1 in 100 or greater that were a formidable challenge for locomotives to navigate. ‘The Long Drag’ comprising lengthy ‘up’ and ‘down’ sections on the Settle to Carlisle Railway, is perhaps the best known, its nickname acknowledging the sustained severity of the length of the climb and the motive power required. Many of these lines in England and Wales are still in common usage, though their gradients are less troubling to today’s engines and passengers will barely recognise the effort. Others have disappeared entirely, their purpose now redundant. Many are in areas of outstanding countryside, their lineside architecture enhancing the natural environment. From the steepness of the Lickey Incline to the charm of the Welshpool and Llanfair Railway this volume reviews a host of different rail lines. It examines their original purpose and tells the story of every build, from commission and contractor, to running each line and the motive power required.